Presentation:
Presentation is formal communication. It is oral communication. It can be
defined as “a live mode of sharing factual information with a selected or
particular audience.” Its purposes are – to inform, to explain, to illustrate,
to justify, to persuade and to put forward a point of view.
defined as “a live mode of sharing factual information with a selected or
particular audience.” Its purposes are – to inform, to explain, to illustrate,
to justify, to persuade and to put forward a point of view.
In business
presentation plays a very vital role. Developing presentation skill is an art.
It needs greater focus, attention and practice
presentation plays a very vital role. Developing presentation skill is an art.
It needs greater focus, attention and practice
.
Principles
of Effective Presentation:
of Effective Presentation:
1) Know/Understand the
Purpose/intention/objectives: If the presenter knows
purpose of his presentation, he can prepare well for it. He can collect
information according to the purpose of his presentation.
Purpose/intention/objectives: If the presenter knows
purpose of his presentation, he can prepare well for it. He can collect
information according to the purpose of his presentation.
2) Know the Situation:
Presenter should know the situation in which he has to make presentation. He
should know the age group, educational and social background of his audience.
Presenter should know the situation in which he has to make presentation. He
should know the age group, educational and social background of his audience.
3) Collect the Material/Information:
The presenter should collect information, knowledge and ideas on his topic of
presentation for preparation. Information is a soul of presentation. He can use
books, magazines, journals, newspapers, internet, etc. as sources to collect
the information. To be an effective presenter, he should have more information
than necessary. If the presenter is a knowledgeable person, he can satisfy
doubts and queries in the minds of the audience easily.
The presenter should collect information, knowledge and ideas on his topic of
presentation for preparation. Information is a soul of presentation. He can use
books, magazines, journals, newspapers, internet, etc. as sources to collect
the information. To be an effective presenter, he should have more information
than necessary. If the presenter is a knowledgeable person, he can satisfy
doubts and queries in the minds of the audience easily.
4) Selection of Medium:
The presenter should select the language of the audience for effective
presentation. He should take care that he has enough command over the language
of his presentation.
The presenter should select the language of the audience for effective
presentation. He should take care that he has enough command over the language
of his presentation.
The selection of medium also includes the mode of
presentation. The presenter can use LCD projector and make power point
presentation.
presentation. The presenter can use LCD projector and make power point
presentation.
5) Preparation of Cue Cards:
The term ‘cue cards’ means ‘the cards on which main points/topics/key-words are
written’. While making presentation, the presenter may throw glance over the
points written on the cue cards. In this way, he can revise the points in his
mind. Each card can be numbered according to the sequence of the points.
The term ‘cue cards’ means ‘the cards on which main points/topics/key-words are
written’. While making presentation, the presenter may throw glance over the
points written on the cue cards. In this way, he can revise the points in his
mind. Each card can be numbered according to the sequence of the points.
Technical
Presentation:
Presentation:
Now-a-days, technical
presentation has become so important. LCD- Power Point Presentation is a
popular kind of presentation used in any field. It helps the presenter to make
the presentation effectively. It enables the audience too to understand the
topic easily. But the presenter should have enough knowledge of computer. He
should have skill to handle the modern technology. He should prepare the slides
of Power Point Presentation in the following way:
presentation has become so important. LCD- Power Point Presentation is a
popular kind of presentation used in any field. It helps the presenter to make
the presentation effectively. It enables the audience too to understand the
topic easily. But the presenter should have enough knowledge of computer. He
should have skill to handle the modern technology. He should prepare the slides
of Power Point Presentation in the following way:
Ø The
slides should be divided as per the following scheme:
slides should be divided as per the following scheme:
Title slide:Title slide includestitle of subject, presenter’s name, name of institution,
and e-mail address, website, mobile number, etc. Usually there is no need to
read the title to the audience, especially if your host has already announced
it.
and e-mail address, website, mobile number, etc. Usually there is no need to
read the title to the audience, especially if your host has already announced
it.
Introduction:
Show some pretty visuals (photographs, drawings, paintings, Quicktime movies,
sound files) of your subject.Thus the presenter can draw attention of the audience
to the subject. Introduction slide includes the issue in the context of several
already-published articles from the primaryliterature,briefsummarypresenter’s
past research (if any) on the topic, clear statement of hypothesis, and ‘road
map’ of what the presenter will talk about in the rest of the talk. For a
20-minute talk, shoot for no more than 3 minutes (approx. 4 slides) in this
section.
Show some pretty visuals (photographs, drawings, paintings, Quicktime movies,
sound files) of your subject.Thus the presenter can draw attention of the audience
to the subject. Introduction slide includes the issue in the context of several
already-published articles from the primaryliterature,briefsummarypresenter’s
past research (if any) on the topic, clear statement of hypothesis, and ‘road
map’ of what the presenter will talk about in the rest of the talk. For a
20-minute talk, shoot for no more than 3 minutes (approx. 4 slides) in this
section.
Materials and methods:This slide contains materials used for the experiment or
research. There should be approximately 4 slides of this kind. The presenter
should spend 3 minutes for each slide.
research. There should be approximately 4 slides of this kind. The presenter
should spend 3 minutes for each slide.
Results:In this slide,the presenter shouldfirstmention whether experiment worked or
not. Then, he should show some photographs that show interesting or comforting
qualitative results.The audience should be reminded of specific hypothesis. The
slides contain chart of data to explain whether hypothesis is supported. There
should be approximately 5 slides containing data of result. Each slide should
be given approximately 7 minutes.
not. Then, he should show some photographs that show interesting or comforting
qualitative results.The audience should be reminded of specific hypothesis. The
slides contain chart of data to explain whether hypothesis is supported. There
should be approximately 5 slides containing data of result. Each slide should
be given approximately 7 minutes.
Conclusions:This
kind of slide contains discussion of why the presenter’s results are sound and
interesting.With the help of this slide, he describes relevance of his findings
to other published work. There could be maximum 2 slides. Each slide is given approximately
4 minutes.
kind of slide contains discussion of why the presenter’s results are sound and
interesting.With the help of this slide, he describes relevance of his findings
to other published work. There could be maximum 2 slides. Each slide is given approximately
4 minutes.
Acknowledgements: Contains the list of names (group by institution). It is just slide. Maximum 1
minute should be given to one slide.
minute should be given to one slide.
Parting slide:
Optional slide showing “for more information” such as the presenter’s
e-mail address, whether the data will soon appear in a journal, suggestions for
further reading (journal articles, books, web sites) for those interested.
Optional slide showing “for more information” such as the presenter’s
e-mail address, whether the data will soon appear in a journal, suggestions for
further reading (journal articles, books, web sites) for those interested.
Following points should be remembered
while delivering a speech with the help of power point presentation:
while delivering a speech with the help of power point presentation:
·
Do
not depend on your notes. Because the room may be too dark and it is irritating
to the audience.
Do
not depend on your notes. Because the room may be too dark and it is irritating
to the audience.
·
Try
to look at your audience, not at your slides, as you speak.
Try
to look at your audience, not at your slides, as you speak.
·
Do
not keep “checking” to see whether a slide is still there.
Do
not keep “checking” to see whether a slide is still there.
·
Similarly,
do not simply “read” your slides to your audience.
Similarly,
do not simply “read” your slides to your audience.
·
Have
a minimum of text on your slides.
Have
a minimum of text on your slides.
·
When
verbally referring to a specific portion of a slide, use a pointer to briefly
orient the audience.
When
verbally referring to a specific portion of a slide, use a pointer to briefly
orient the audience.
·
When
using a pointer, it is best to physically touch the image on the screen rather
than situating the pointer in the projection beam to throw a shadow.
When
using a pointer, it is best to physically touch the image on the screen rather
than situating the pointer in the projection beam to throw a shadow.
·
When
you are not actively using the pointer, do not distract the audience by playing
with it.
When
you are not actively using the pointer, do not distract the audience by playing
with it.
·
A
stick or a finger (yours) is almost always better than a laser pointer
(the projected dot is generally too small on cheap laser pointers). Laser
pointers are, however, excellent cat toys ($7.99 at Targét).
A
stick or a finger (yours) is almost always better than a laser pointer
(the projected dot is generally too small on cheap laser pointers). Laser
pointers are, however, excellent cat toys ($7.99 at Targét).
·
If
you must use a laser pointer, do not blind people by directing the beam in
their eyes.
If
you must use a laser pointer, do not blind people by directing the beam in
their eyes.
·
Do
not chew gum, fiddle with your jewelry, or wear a hat, even if these things
comfort you.
Do
not chew gum, fiddle with your jewelry, or wear a hat, even if these things
comfort you.
·
Do
not put your hands in your pockets. If you are likely to forget, fill your
pockets with pushpins beforehand.
Do
not put your hands in your pockets. If you are likely to forget, fill your
pockets with pushpins beforehand.
·
Do
not draw more attention to bad slides by apologizing for them.
Do
not draw more attention to bad slides by apologizing for them.
·
Resist
puns, obvious jokes, and overly rehearsed humor.
Resist
puns, obvious jokes, and overly rehearsed humor.
·
Minimize
your use of the crutches,
“OK,””like,””um,””er,””sort
of,””ya know,” and “kind of.” Especially
“like.” It’s sort of like, you know, when you use lots of filler
words, it’s, like, people totally don’t even listen to you anymore. Bored
audience members have been known to actually record the number of
“likes” in talks.
Minimize
your use of the crutches,
“OK,””like,””um,””er,””sort
of,””ya know,” and “kind of.” Especially
“like.” It’s sort of like, you know, when you use lots of filler
words, it’s, like, people totally don’t even listen to you anymore. Bored
audience members have been known to actually record the number of
“likes” in talks.
·
Etc. is
pronounced, “Et cetera,” rather than,”Eck cetera.”
It’s true!
Etc. is
pronounced, “Et cetera,” rather than,”Eck cetera.”
It’s true!
·
Adjust
your speed or ask whether there are any questions when you notice confused
looks.
Adjust
your speed or ask whether there are any questions when you notice confused
looks.
·
If
people are falling asleep, it is a sign that you are boring them. Speak up and
become more dynamic.
If
people are falling asleep, it is a sign that you are boring them. Speak up and
become more dynamic.
·
When
responding to questioners with faint voices, repeat the question loudly for the
benefit of all. It’s a strange but true fact that older people, especially
those with bad hearing, often sit in the back rows, so make this a habit for all
questions.
When
responding to questioners with faint voices, repeat the question loudly for the
benefit of all. It’s a strange but true fact that older people, especially
those with bad hearing, often sit in the back rows, so make this a habit for all
questions.
·
Attempt
a response to all questions even when you think there is an audience member who
might be able to field it better than you.
Attempt
a response to all questions even when you think there is an audience member who
might be able to field it better than you.
·
Use
Powerpoint for Macintosh. The Biology Department uses Mac Powerbooks
for classroom displays, so a file is more likely to run as planned if it is
constructed on the same platform. Although transferring a Powerpoint for
Windows file into a Mac version is possible, it invariably full of errors.
Use
Powerpoint for Macintosh. The Biology Department uses Mac Powerbooks
for classroom displays, so a file is more likely to run as planned if it is
constructed on the same platform. Although transferring a Powerpoint for
Windows file into a Mac version is possible, it invariably full of errors.
·
Check
to make sure that your slide show runs on the computer that will be used on the
presentation day. If the presentation will be made off-campus, consider sending
the file to your host and ask him/her to run through it (on the specific
machine that will eventually be used for the presentation). Certain types of
embedded graphics cause some systems to fail, so this is not a completely
paranoid concern.
Check
to make sure that your slide show runs on the computer that will be used on the
presentation day. If the presentation will be made off-campus, consider sending
the file to your host and ask him/her to run through it (on the specific
machine that will eventually be used for the presentation). Certain types of
embedded graphics cause some systems to fail, so this is not a completely
paranoid concern.
·
Increase
the system memory to the Powerpoint application to speed slide advancing and to
prevent crashes.
Increase
the system memory to the Powerpoint application to speed slide advancing and to
prevent crashes.
·
Make
sure you understand how to control the lights and the slide projector (or
computer remote) before you begin.
Make
sure you understand how to control the lights and the slide projector (or
computer remote) before you begin.
·
If
a cable connects the control mouse to the computer, it is unnecessary to point the
remote at the projector (doing so just gives you away as a television addict).
If
a cable connects the control mouse to the computer, it is unnecessary to point the
remote at the projector (doing so just gives you away as a television addict).
·
If
you want a blank screen to appear (for instance, to get the audience’s full
attention), press the “b” on the keyboard.
If
you want a blank screen to appear (for instance, to get the audience’s full
attention), press the “b” on the keyboard.
·
If
the moderator does not end the question period in a timely fashion, say,
“Perhaps I could entertain further questions outside?” People will
cheer. If there is not a moderator, it is your responsibility to end in
a timely fashion.
If
the moderator does not end the question period in a timely fashion, say,
“Perhaps I could entertain further questions outside?” People will
cheer. If there is not a moderator, it is your responsibility to end in
a timely fashion.
